{"id":1690,"date":"2013-12-21T23:36:15","date_gmt":"2013-12-21T21:36:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/?page_id=1690"},"modified":"2017-07-02T15:21:42","modified_gmt":"2017-07-02T12:21:42","slug":"satrancin-tanimi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/?page_id=1690","title":{"rendered":"SATRANCIN TANIMI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Satran\u00e7&#8230;En ciddi insanlar\u0131n t\u00fcm ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 adad\u0131klar\u0131,hakk\u0131nda kal\u0131n ciltler yaz\u0131lan oyun&#8230;\u015eimdi buna ger\u00e7ekten oyun mu diyece\u011fiz,yoksa bilim mi?Satranc\u0131n tarih\u00e7esine bakacak olursak,bu oyunun daha \u00e7ok,k\u00fclt\u00fcrce \u00f6nde olan \u00fclkelerde yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz.Nitekim,orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda ,zaman\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00f6nderi Araplar,satranc\u0131 Avrupa&#8217;ya<br \/>\ntan\u0131tm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n en eski satran\u00e7 yazarlar\u0131n\u0131n 1500&#8217;lerde \u0130spanya ve Portekiz&#8217;de<br \/>\nya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz;bu \u00fclkeler de maddi ve zihinsel bulu\u015flarda \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nderleriydi.<br \/>\nR\u00f6nesans d\u00f6neminde \u0130talya&#8217;dan Polerio ve Greco&#8217;nun adlar\u0131 d\u00fcnya satranc\u0131nda \u00f6nde geliyordu.On sekizinci y\u00fczy\u0131lda ve Napolyon d\u00f6neminde politika ve be\u011feni sorunlar\u0131nda Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkesi Fransa&#8217;yd\u0131: Philidor ile Labourdonnais de bu d\u00f6nemde \u00fcn yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.Napolyon kendisi de bo\u015f zamanlar\u0131n\u0131 bu oyuna veriyordu.<br \/>\nOn dokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131lda satranc\u0131n yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu \u00fclkeler,\u0130ngiltere daha sonra Almanya,Rusya ve Amerika&#8217;yd\u0131.B\u00fcy\u00fck Sava\u015f&#8217;tan (1914-1918) sonra satranc\u0131n ve satran\u00e7 turnuvalar\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131,eski d\u00fc\u015fman uluslar aras\u0131nda bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc kurarak uluslararas\u0131<br \/>\ngerginliklerin giderilmesinde kendine d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00f6revi bilim ve sanattan daha \u00e7abuk ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\nEn b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fclt\u00fcr a\u015famas\u0131ndaki insanlar\u0131n oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu oyunun de\u011ferini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak olursak bunu belki \u015fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fte bulabiliriz:Satran\u00e7 bir m\u00fccadele oyunudur ve Lasker&#8217;in belirtmi\u015f oldu\u011fu gibi,masaba\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcnden olsun,insanlar\u0131n bir m\u00fccadele oyununa i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcsel gereksinimi vard\u0131r.Bu,\u00f6zellikle modern \u00e7a\u011flarda,makinele\u015fmi\u015f bir ortamda dizginlenen,dolay\u0131s\u0131yla e\u015f tempoyu tutturmak zorunda kalan insanlar\u0131n,bir yolunu bulup bireysel g\u00fc\u00e7lerini s\u0131nama ve kendilerini g\u00f6sterme tutkular\u0131ndan gelmektedir.Ancak,y\u00fcksek k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin insanlar\u0131 geli\u015fig\u00fczel bir oyunla yetinememektedirler.Uzun d\u00f6nemde,ne bedensel beceriler ne de \u015fansa ba\u011fl\u0131 oyunlar bu insanlar\u0131 doyurmaktad\u0131r.Ama satran\u00e7ta,\u015fans\u0131 d\u0131\u015flayan,salt zihinsel bir oyun bulmaktay\u0131z.Kazan\u0131lsa da yitirilse de satran\u00e7 yaln\u0131zca zihnin<br \/>\nm\u00fccadele g\u00fcc\u00fcne dayanmaktad\u0131r;ona ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 derinli\u011fi veren de i\u015fte budur.<br \/>\nBu g\u00f6zlemler,bize satranc\u0131 sanat\u0131n ta yan\u0131na getirecek anlat\u0131m olanaklar\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nBir oyun ayn\u0131 zamanda sanat olabilir mi diye sorabiliriz.Bu soruyu,oyunla sanat\u0131n birbirinden sand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kadar ayr\u0131 olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek k\u0131smen yan\u0131tlayabiliriz.Her ikisinde de ortak yan \u00e7oktur(&#8221;Sanat\u0131 tarif etmeye mecbur olsam,oyundur derim&#8230;&#8221;Bedri Rahmi Ey\u00fcbo\u011flu-\u00c7ev.notu).<br \/>\nBir kez maddi a\u00e7\u0131dan her ikisi de kesinlikle ama\u00e7s\u0131zd\u0131r.Ayr\u0131ca oyun oynayan kimse de t\u0131pk\u0131 sanat\u00e7\u0131 gibi kendi d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 kurar ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fant\u0131n\u0131n tekd\u00fczeli\u011finden ,kendisine kurdu\u011fu masal \u00fclkesine u\u00e7ar gider.Kald\u0131 ki,her sanat ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta bir oyun ve bo\u015f zaman e\u011flencesi idi.Tarih \u00f6ncesi insan\u0131n\u0131n duvar resimleri,eski Yunan \u00e7obanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131 ya da komedileri sanattan \u00e7ok uzaktan de\u011fillerdi.Talihsiz a\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n,\u00e7ektiklerini saz\u0131na d\u00f6kmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 an,sanat\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011fu and\u0131r.Sanat\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc,sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n,kendi ruhunu elindeki gerece yans\u0131tabilme yetene\u011finde sakl\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nY\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6nce satran\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz yaln\u0131zca bir oyundu.Ancak,\u00f6rne\u011fin Rubinstein&#8217;\u0131n oyunlar\u0131n\u0131 saran,o derin kendini adama duygusunu alg\u0131layan bir kimse,art\u0131k bilir ki,satran\u00e7 yeni ve s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fmekte olan bir sanatt\u0131r.<br \/>\n&#8221; R\u0130CHARD RET\u0130 \u201c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Satran\u00e7&#8230;En ciddi insanlar\u0131n t\u00fcm ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 adad\u0131klar\u0131,hakk\u0131nda kal\u0131n ciltler yaz\u0131lan oyun&#8230;\u015eimdi buna ger\u00e7ekten oyun mu diyece\u011fiz,yoksa bilim mi?Satranc\u0131n tarih\u00e7esine bakacak olursak,bu oyunun daha \u00e7ok,k\u00fclt\u00fcrce \u00f6nde olan \u00fclkelerde yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz.Nitekim,orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda ,zaman\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00f6nderi Araplar,satranc\u0131 Avrupa&#8217;ya tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n en eski satran\u00e7 yazarlar\u0131n\u0131n 1500&#8217;lerde \u0130spanya ve Portekiz&#8217;de ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz;bu \u00fclkeler de maddi ve zihinsel bulu\u015flarda \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nderleriydi. R\u00f6nesans d\u00f6neminde&#8230; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/?page_id=1690\"><span class=\"cb-read-more\"> Read more  &rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1690"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1690"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1690\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.antalyasaglikspor.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}